Historical background of Anglo-Norman
The Anglo-Norman period refers to the time in English history from the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 to the early 14th century. During this period, England was ruled by a succession of Norman and Angevin kings, who brought with them a new ruling class and a distinctive culture and language.
The Normans were originally Vikings who settled in the region of Normandy in northern France in the 9th and 10th centuries. They adopted the French language and culture, and by the time of the Norman Conquest, they were a powerful and sophisticated feudal society.
In 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England and defeated the Anglo-Saxon king, Harold Godwinson, at the Battle of Hastings. William was crowned king of England and began a process of Normanization that would transform English society over the next several centuries.
The Normans brought with them a new ruling class of nobles and knights, who spoke a variety of Old French known as Anglo-Norman. This language became the language of the court, the law, and literature, and it had a profound influence on the development of the English language.
Under the Norman and Angevin kings, England became a powerful feudal state with a centralized government, a strong economy, and a sophisticated legal system. The period saw the construction of many castles, cathedrals, and other monumental buildings, as well as the development of a vibrant literary and artistic culture.
The Anglo-Norman period was also marked by significant political and social changes, including the conflict between the king and the barons, the struggle for power between England and France, and the emergence of a new commercial class of merchants and traders.
Overall, the Anglo-Norman period was a time of great transformation and cultural exchange, as the Normans brought their language, culture, and feudal system to England, and the English adapted and transformed these influences to create a new and distinctively English culture.
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